Filial duty (孝)
The care and respect children owe their parents, and a younger person owes elders.
Sayings on learning, friends and family
Confucius and his followers, Analects (Lunyu), in the Chinese text of James Legge, The Chinese Classics, vol. 1 (Oxford, 1893) · about 400 BCE (sayings of Confucius, who died in 479 BCE, collected after his death)
子曰、弟子、入則孝、出則弟、謹而信、汎愛眾、而親仁、行有餘力、則以學文。
The Master said: Young people should show filial duty at home and respect for elders outside it, be careful and trustworthy, love people widely and keep close to the good. If they have strength left over, let them spend it on culture.
子夏問孝、子曰、色難、有事、弟子服其勞、有酒食、先生饌、曾是以為孝乎。
Zixia asked about filial duty. The Master said: The hard part is the look on your face. When there is work, the young people do it; when there is food and drink, the elders are served. Is that all it takes to be called filial?