A Hearth Library collection
Innovation in History
New ideas, and the people who tried them, sold them or fought them
Sources for the 2027 National History Day theme, “Innovation in History: Impact, Influence, Change.” Each thread follows one new idea in the words of the people who lived with it. They cover inoculation and the first vaccine, counting and mapping disease, imagining travel into space, new ways to travel, eat and shop, and the Roman calendar.
Teach this collection
Classroom units on Hearth Learning. Each asks one big question and gathers its sources, teacher notes, a worksheet for each source and a download for your LMS.
- Unit 1From inoculation to vaccineHow did a new way to prevent smallpox spread, and why did people resist it?5 sources
- Unit 2Counting and mapping diseaseHow did gathering evidence change what people did about disease?2 sources
- Unit 3Imagining space travelHow did ideas about space travel move from stories to a national program?5 sources
- Unit 4New ways to travel, eat and shopWho gained from new ways of serving travelers, diners and shoppers, and what changed for them?5 sources
- Unit 5Fixing the calendarWhy did the Romans need to reform their calendar, and how did the reform last?2 sources
Sources
Medical
Planting Smallpox
Wu Qian, 1742, Beijing
Classical ChineseChecked
SmallpoxInoculation and vaccinationDoctors and medical ideas
Letter
Engrafting against Smallpox
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, April 1, 1717 (Old Style); published 1763, Adrianople
EnglishChecked
SmallpoxInoculation and vaccinationPlague
Pamphlet
What the Africans of Boston Knew about Inoculation
Cotton Mather and Zabdiel Boylston, 1721, Boston
EnglishChecked
SmallpoxInoculation and vaccinationDoctors and medical ideas
Sermon
A Sermon against Inoculation
Edmund Massey, preached July 8, 1722, London
EnglishChecked
SmallpoxInoculation and vaccinationChristianity
Medical
Instructions for Vaccine Inoculation
Edward Jenner, about 1799–1801, London
EnglishChecked
SmallpoxInoculation and vaccinationDoctors and medical ideas
Medical
The Pump in Broad Street, 1854
John Snow, 1855, London
EnglishChecked
CholeraDoctors and medical ideas
Pamphlet
The Government Explains the Flu, 1918
U.S. Public Health Service, September 28, 1918, Washington
EnglishChecked
Influenza pandemic (1918–1920)InfluenzaRulers and courts
Literature
The Dream: a journey to the Moon
Johannes Kepler, Written in Prague about 1609; notes added 1620–30; published 1634, Frankfurt
LatinChecked
Imagining space travelAstronomy and the skyStories and novels
Literature
Signals from the Brick Moon
Edward Everett Hale, December 1869, Boston
EnglishChecked
Imagining space travelSpace stationsStories and novels
Literature
Greenhouses in Orbit
Tsiolkovsky, Written January–April 1917; printed in part in Priroda i liudi, 1918, and in full at Kaluga, 1920, Kaluga
RussianChecked
Imagining space travelSpace stationsStories and novels
Statement
Signing the National Aeronautics and Space Act
Dwight D. Eisenhower, July 29, 1958, Washington
EnglishChecked
The space race (1957–1969)Speeches and edicts
Speech
We choose to go to the Moon
John F. Kennedy, September 12, 1962, Houston
EnglishChecked
The space race (1957–1969)Speeches and edicts
Travel account
The Great Khan's post houses
Marco Polo, dictated in 1298; about what Polo saw in China between about 1275 and 1291, Canbalu (Khanbaliq)
Old FrenchChecked
Inns, hotels and restaurantsTravel by road, rail and airRulers and courts
Essay
On restaurants, Paris, 1825
Brillat-Savarin, published December 1825, Paris
FrenchChecked
Inns, hotels and restaurantsCooking and recipesFood, farming and hunger
Description
The Rooms of the Tremont House
Eliot, 1830, on the hotel opened in October 1829, Boston
EnglishChecked
Inns, hotels and restaurantsHomes, towns and building
Travel account
A free ticket on an early pleasure cruise
Thackeray, voyage of 1844; preface and book published 1846, Off Cape Finisterre and Vigo Bay
EnglishChecked
Tourism, resorts and cruisesVoyages and sea travel
Literature
Opening day of the great sale
Zola, published 1883, Paris
FrenchChecked
Stores, catalogues and shoppingStories and novelsTrade, markets and money
Treatise
How the Romans fixed the year
Censorinus, 238 CE, Rome
LatinChecked
Calendars and keeping timeWords and namesGreek and Roman gods
Dialogue
Where the months got their names
Macrobius, early fifth century CE; the dialogue is set in the 380s, Rome
LatinChecked
Calendars and keeping timeWords and namesGreek and Roman gods
No sources match all of these filters.
