The Great Sun
The highest of the Natchez ruling family, the Suns. When his brother the Tattooed Serpent died in 1725, the French feared he would die too.
The Death of the Tattooed Serpent
Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz, History of Louisiana, vol. 3 (Paris, 1758), chapter 3 · printed 1758 (events of spring 1725)
Mon ami se leva assez précipitamment & paroissoit avoir quelque chagrin ; je l'arrêtai pour lui en demander la raison : il me répondit avec un air triste que le Serpent Piqué étoit très-mal ; & que si ce Soleil venoit à mourir, toute la Nation, ou peu s'en faudroit, mourroit aussi ; parce que le Grand Soleil frere du Malade se donneroit la mort, que s'aimant beaucoup, ils s'étoient promis de ne point se survivre.
My friend got up rather suddenly and seemed troubled. I stopped him to ask why. He answered sadly that the Tattooed Serpent was very ill. If this Sun died, he said, the whole Nation, or very nearly, would die too. For the Great Sun, the sick man's brother, would kill himself. They loved each other dearly and had promised each other not to outlive one another.
Le Commandant du Fort l'ayant appris, en avertit les plus distingués des François & me prit en passant. Nous trouvâmes le Grand Soleil au désespoir d'avoir perdu son frere, & il se préparoit à le suivre. Notre arrivée & les raisons que je lui apportai pour sa conservation parurent le tranquilliser ; mais ce n'étoit que pour être plus libre d'exécuter son dessein ; les François y furent pris ; mais je ne m'y fiois point, & je leur dis qu'il falloit qu'il y eût toujours avec lui quelqu'un de nous, & que je fusse averti dès le moment que l'on verroit qu'il y auroit du risque ; ce qui fut arrêté ainsi ; le Commandant fut aussi de cet avis.
When the Commandant of the Fort heard this, he alerted the leading Frenchmen and picked me up on the way. We found the Great Sun in despair at losing his brother and preparing to follow him. Our arrival, and the reasons I gave him to stay alive, seemed to calm him. But that was only so he would be freer to carry out his plan. The French were taken in, but I did not trust it. I told them that one of us must always be with him, and that I must be warned the moment anyone saw a danger. This was agreed, and the Commandant thought so too.
Peu de tems après ces décharges, le Porte-parole entra & se mit à pleurer ; le Grand Soleil leva la tête & regarda sa femme favorite, à laquelle il fit un signe que nous ne comprîmes qu'après qu'elle eut jetté une gammelée d'eau sur le feu qui en fut entierement éteint. Alors le Porte-parole ou Chancelier du Grand Soleil heurla pour saluer ce Souverain, & sortit ; dès qu'il fut hors de la cabanne il fit un cri effroyable, qui fut à l'instant répété par tout le peuple des villages.
A little after these volleys, the Speaker came in and began to weep. The Great Sun raised his head and looked at his favorite wife. He made her a sign that we did not understand until she had thrown a bowl of water on the fire and put it out completely. Then the Speaker, the Great Sun's Chancellor, howled to salute his Sovereign and went out. As soon as he was outside the cabin, he gave a terrible cry, which was at once repeated by all the people of the villages.
Je m'approchai du Grand Soleil, & lui demandai s'il n'étoit plus un homme depuis la mort de son frere, puisqu'après nous avoir donné sa parole qu'il ne se tueroit point, il avoit donné ordre d'éteindre tous les feux, ce qui annonçoit sa mort ; que l'on m'avoit prévenu là dessus dès la veille ; mais, me dit-il, « sois assuré que je n'y pense plus ; dors en repos. »
I went up to the Great Sun and asked him whether he had stopped being a man since his brother's death. He had given us his word that he would not kill himself, I said, and yet he had ordered all the fires put out, which announced his death. I added that I had been warned of this the evening before. “Rest assured,” he told me, “I no longer think of it. Sleep in peace.”