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Azcapotzalco

The chief city of the Tepanecs, on the western shore of the lake northwest of Tenochtitlan. Its rulers dominated the Valley of Mexico until Texcoco and the Mexica defeated them in 1428; later it was known for its slave market.

Today: Azcapotzalco, Mexico City, Mexico

The Markets and Their Laws

Diego Durán, Book of the Gods and Rites (Mexico, about 1576), chapter on the markets · written in Mexico in the mid-1570s; first printed at Mexico, 1880

98.10

Había en esta tierra una ordenanza puesta por los reyes acerca de los mercados y era que constituían férias ó mercados donde se vendiesen cosas particulares por lo cual algunos mercados eran muy nombrados y seguidos lo cual era de esta manera que mandaban que en la féria de Azcapotzalco se vendiesen esclavos y que todos los de la comarca que tuviesen esclavos que vender acudiesen allí y no á otra parte á vendellos y lo mesmo en la de Izhuacan las cuales dos férias eran donde se vendían esclavos para que allí acudiesen á comprallos los que los habian menester porque ya sabían que fuera de allí no los habían de hallar en otra parte. En otras ordenaban se vendiesen joyas piedras ricas como era en la de Cholollan y plumas ricas. En otras vendían ropas y jícaras ricas como en Tetzcoco y loza curiosa y bien obrada á su modo. A la féria de Acolman habían dado que vendiesen allí perros y que todos los que los quisiesen vender acudiesen allí así á vendellos como á comprallos y así toda la mas mercadería que allí acudía eran perros chicos y medianos de toda suerte donde acudían de toda la comarca á comprar perros y hoy en día acuden porque hasta hoy hay allí el mesmo trato donde fuí un día de tianquiz por solo ser testigo de vista y satisfacerme y hallé mas de cuatrocientos perros chicos y grandes liados en cargas de ellos ya comprados y de ellos que todavía andaban en venta y era tanta la ca que había de ellos que me quedé admirado.

The kings of this land made an ordinance about the markets. They set up fairs or markets where particular goods were to be sold, so some markets became very famous and busy. It worked like this. They ordered that slaves be sold at the fair of Azcapotzalco, and that everyone in the district who had slaves to sell should go there to sell them, and nowhere else. The same was true of the fair of Izhuacan. These two fairs were where slaves were sold, so that people who needed them went there to buy them, knowing they would find them nowhere else. In other markets they ordered jewels and precious stones to be sold, as at Cholollan, along with fine feathers. Others sold cloth and fine gourd bowls, as at Tetzcoco, and fine pottery, well made in their style. To the fair of Acolman they had given the sale of dogs. All who wanted to sell or buy dogs had to go there. So most of the goods there were small and middle-sized dogs of every kind, and people came from the whole district to buy them. They still do today, because the same trade goes on there. I went there one market day, just to see it with my own eyes and satisfy myself. I found more than four hundred dogs, small and large, tied up in loads, some already sold and others still for sale. There were so many that I was amazed.

Teotihuacan Answers the King

The elders of San Juan Teotihuacan, answers to the king's questionnaire, recorded by the corregidor Francisco de Castañeda, March 1, 1580 · March 1, 1580 (customs remembered from before the Spanish conquest of 1521)

14a

En tienpo de su gentilidad fueron gente y republica sobre si, sin reconocer a nadie sino a sus señores naturales que llamaban chichimecas, hasta que Nesagualcoyotzin, señor de Tescuco, tiranizo toda la comarca matando a los hijos de Tetzotzomoctli, señor de Escaputzalco a quien todos reconocian, por guerra, e despues de su muerte de Tetzotzomoctli el dicho Netzagualcoyotzi se hizo poderoso aliandose con Montesuma señor de Mexico; repartieron las tierras del pueblo de San Juan y Aculma entre si los sobredichos, a los quales los naturales del pueblo de San Juan daban en reconoçimiento cada ochenta dias: algunas mantas de nequen gruesas que llaman Ichtilmates y algunas cargas de pencas de maguey de esas que llaman metlontli.

Before they became Christians, they were a people and a state of their own. They recognized no one but their own lords, whom they called chichimecas. Then Nesagualcoyotzin, lord of Tescuco, seized the whole district by force, killing in war the sons of Tetzotzomoctli, lord of Escaputzalco, whom everyone had recognized. After Tetzotzomoctli's death, Netzagualcoyotzi grew powerful by allying himself with Montesuma, lord of Mexico. These two divided the lands of San Juan and Aculma between them. Every eighty days, as a sign that they were their lords, the people of San Juan gave them some coarse cloaks of nequen (maguey fiber), which they call ichtilmates, and some loads of maguey leaves of the kind they call metlontli.