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Huexotzinco (Guejocingo)

A Nahua city-state east of the snow-capped volcanoes, often at war with the Mexica and their allies; Teotihuacan's elders named it among their old enemies.

Today: Huejotzingo, Puebla, Mexico

Teotihuacan Answers the King

The elders of San Juan Teotihuacan, answers to the king's questionnaire, recorded by the corregidor Francisco de Castañeda, March 1, 1580 · March 1, 1580 (customs remembered from before the Spanish conquest of 1521)

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Tenian guerras con los de Guejocingo y Atrisco, peleauan con arcos y flechas y macanas; su traje comun de los principales era mantas de nequen delgadas y vn maxtle y cutaras en tienpo de paz, y en tienpo de guerra los prinçipales y otras personas que se abian señalado en la guerra yban armados con armas de algodon y de bichos diferentes por que vnos yban hechos garças, otros anades, otros aguilas, otros con cueros de animales, hechos leones o tigres o lobos o benados u otros animales: la gente comun solo llevaban arcos y flechas sin otra debisa alguna: los maçeguales andauan en cueros eçepto vna manta gorda de nequen y vn maxtle: bisten agora todos mantas y camisas y saragueles de algodon, duermen en alto y cubren freçadas, comen buenas biandas de maiz cozido, aves domesticas y de caça, carne de baca y carnero los mas dellos; y antiguamente se sustentauan con hojas de tunas y pencas de maguei cozido y rayzes y ratones y culebras y otras sabandijas: biuian mas sanos con ello y por estar mas acostumbrados y egerçitados en trabajos que agora; entienden los naturales que el regalo que agora tienen les es causa de enfermedad, y lo poco que trabajan, por que con qualquier eçeso que hagan caen en enfermedad, y mas con el pulque que acostumbran a beber desde pequeños, que les es muy dañoso.

They made war on the people of Guejocingo and Atrisco, fighting with bows and arrows and macanas. In time of peace the lords wore thin cloaks of nequen, a maxtle (loincloth) and sandals. In time of war, the lords and others who had distinguished themselves in battle went armed in quilted cotton armor and dressed as different creatures: some as herons, others as ducks, others as eagles, others in animal skins, as lions, tigers, wolves, deer or other animals. The common people carried only bows and arrows, with no other emblem. The maçeguales went about naked except for a coarse nequen cloak and a maxtle. Now they all wear cotton cloaks, shirts and breeches. They sleep up off the ground and cover themselves with blankets. Most of them eat good food: cooked maize, chickens and game, beef and mutton. In the old days they lived on prickly-pear pads, cooked maguey leaves, roots, rats, snakes and other small creatures. They were healthier on that food, and because they were more used to hard work than they are now. The natives believe that the comforts they have now make them ill, and so does working so little. Any excess makes them sick, and above all the pulque they drink from childhood, which does them great harm.