Quivira
A land of villages with grass-roofed houses in present-day Kansas. Coronado rode there in 1541, led on by reports of riches, and found farming villages instead.
Today: central Kansas, United States
The Bison Plains and the People Who Follow the Herds
Pedro de Castañeda de Nájera, Account of the Journey to Cíbola (written in the 1560s), part 2, chapter 7: the plains of the bison · written in the 1560s, more than twenty years after the events; surviving copy dated 1596 (events of 1541)
por estos llanos andan gentes como tengo dicho en la primera parte en pos de las bacas haçiendo caça y adobãdo cueros para lleuar a bender a los poblados los inbiernos porque ban a inbernar a ellos cada compañia a donde mas çerca se halla unos a los poblados de cicuye otros haçia quiuira otros haçia la florida a los poblados que estan haçia aquella parte y puerto estan gentes que los llamã querechos y teyas dan relaçion de grandes poblados y segun lo que de estas gentes se bio y de otros que ellos daban notiçia que auia por otras partes ella es harto mas gente que no la de los poblados mas dispuesta y mayores hombres de guerra y mas temidos
Peoples roam these plains, as I said in the first part, following the bison. They hunt and dress hides to take and sell in the towns in winter, because they go to spend the winter there. Each band goes to whatever town is nearest: some to the towns of Cicuye, others toward Quivira, and others toward Florida, to the towns in that direction. These people, called Querechos and Teyas, tell of great towns. From what we saw of them, and of others they told us lived in other places, there are far more of these people than of the town people. They are better built, greater warriors, and more feared.
The Dream: a journey to the Moon
Johannes Kepler, Somnium, published by his son Ludwig Kepler (Sagan and Frankfurt, 1634) · Written in Prague about 1609; notes added 1620–30; published 1634
Jam quod singula Hemisphæria seorsim attinet, ingens inter ea est diversitas. Neque enim tantum præsentia et absentia Volvæ dissimilima exhibet spectacula; sed hæc ipsa communia Phænomena, diversissimos habent effectus hinc et inde: adeò ut rectiùs fortassè Privolvarum hemisphærium dici possit intemperatum; Subvolvarum temperatum. Nam apud Privolvas nox est nostros quindecim vel sedecim dies naturales longa, perpetuis horrida tenebris, quantæ apud nos sunt nocte illuni, quippe nullis Volvæ radijs ne illa quidem illustratur unquam; itaque omnia rigent gelu et pruinis insuperque et ventis rigidissimis et validissimis: succedit dies, quatuordecim nostros longa, vel eo paulò minus, quibus et Sol major, et sub fixis tardus, et venti nulli. Itaque immensus æstus. Atque sic spacio nostratis mensis, seu diei LEVANICI, uno eodemque loco et æstus est quindecies ferventior Africano nostro, et gelu intolerabilius Quivirano.
Taking each hemisphere on its own, there is great difference between them. The presence or absence of Volva makes their sights very unlike. But even the things they share have very different effects on each side. So the Privolvan hemisphere might better be called intemperate, and the Subvolvan temperate. Among the Privolvans, night lasts fifteen or sixteen of our days. It is rough with endless darkness, like our moonless nights, for not even a ray of Volva ever lights it. So everything is stiff with frost and ice, and on top of that there are harsh and violent winds. Then comes the day, fourteen of our days long or a little less. The Sun is larger and moves slowly against the fixed stars, and there are no winds. So the heat is immense. In the space of one of our months, which is one day on Levania, the same place has heat fifteen times fiercer than our Africa, and cold harder to bear than Quivira’s.