The Program of the Grand Pleasure Excursion
Draft: this translation has not yet been checked against the original by a separate review.
- Written
- programme dated February 1, 1867; book published 1869
- Place
- New York
- Language
- English
- Kind of source
- travel account
- Reading time
- 6 minutes
- Difficulty
- Moderate
- Intensity
- Low: nothing graphic; one mention of contagious sickness
Tourism, resorts and cruisesVoyages and sea travelTrade, markets and money
The fare was $1,250 a head, ten percent down, and every applicant had to be approved by a committee. Five dollars a day in gold was thought enough for spending on shore. A doctor would be on board, and ports with contagious sickness would be skipped.
Samuel Clemens, who wrote as Mark Twain, sailed on this cruise as the traveling correspondent of the San Francisco Alta California, writing letters home for print. The side-wheel steamer Quaker City left its New York pier on June 8, 1867, with about sixty-five passengers, and spent about five months visiting Europe, the Holy Land, and Egypt. Twain reworked his letters into The Innocents Abroad, published in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1869. This is the opening of its first chapter, where he copies in the printed program of the trip.
The program was written before anyone sailed, by Charles C. Duncan, who chartered the ship and managed the excursion. Twain wrote his chapter afterward, knowing how the voyage had gone. His excitement here is partly a setup for the disappointments of the chapters that follow.
We have the program only as Twain printed it in his book; we have not compared it with a separate copy. The book hides the names on the committees with stars. Twain’s account of his own application is a joke.
Notice what the organizers thought a paying passenger needed: a library, a doctor, a selected company, and free freight home for souvenirs. Watch how Twain repeats the program’s promises back in a breathless list.
The edited translation, in simplified modern English. Bracketed words were added for clarity; [...] marks a cut. Tap a note number to read the note.
For months the great Pleasure Excursion to Europe and the Holy Land1 was chatted about in the newspapers everywhere in America, and discussed at countless firesides. It was a novelty in the way of excursions. Its like had not been thought of before, and it compelled that interest which attractive novelties always command. It was to be a picnic on a gigantic scale. The people in it were not to load an ungainly steam ferryboat with youth and beauty and pies and doughnuts, and paddle up some obscure creek to land on a grassy lawn. They were not to wear themselves out with a long summer day's laborious frolicking, under the impression that it was fun. Instead, they were to sail away in a great steamship with flags flying and cannon pealing, and take a royal holiday beyond the broad ocean, in many a strange climate and in many a land renowned in history! They were to sail for months over the breezy Atlantic and the sunny Mediterranean. They were to scamper about the decks by day, filling the ship with shouts and laughter. Or they would read novels and poetry in the shade of the smokestacks, or watch over the side for the jellyfish and the nautilus,2 and the shark, the whale, and other strange monsters of the deep. And at night they were to dance in the open air, on the upper deck, in the midst of a ballroom that stretched from horizon to horizon. It was domed by the bending heavens and lighted by no meaner lamps than the stars and the magnificent moon. There they would dance, and promenade, and smoke, and sing, and make love,3 and search the skies for constellations that never keep company with the Big Dipper they were so tired of. And they were to see the ships of twenty navies, the customs and costumes of twenty curious peoples, the great cities of half a world. They were to hobnob with nobility and hold friendly talk with kings and princes, Grand Moguls,4 and the anointed lords of mighty empires!
It was a brave idea; it was the child of a most ingenious brain. It was well advertised, but it hardly needed it. The bold originality, the extraordinary character, the seductive nature, and the vastness of the enterprise stirred up comment everywhere and advertised it in every household in the land. Who could read the program of the excursion without longing to make one of the party? I will insert it here. It is almost as good as a map. As a text for this book, nothing could be better:
Brooklyn, February 1, 1867. The undersigned will make an excursion as above5 during the coming season, and begs to submit to you the following program: A first-class steamer, to be under his own command, and able to hold at least one hundred and fifty cabin passengers, will be selected. It will take a select company, numbering not more than three-fourths of the ship's capacity. There is good reason to believe that this company can easily be made up in this immediate neighborhood, of mutual friends and acquaintances. The steamer will be provided with every necessary comfort, including a library and musical instruments. An experienced physician will be on board.
[...] The ship will at all times be a home, where the excursionists, if sick, will be surrounded by kind friends, and have all possible comfort and sympathy. Should contagious sickness exist in any of the ports named in the program, those ports will be passed, and others of interest substituted. The price of passage is fixed at $1,250, currency,6 for each adult passenger. Choice of rooms and of seats at the tables will be given in the order in which passages are booked. No passage is considered booked until 10 percent of the passage money is deposited with the treasurer.
Passengers can stay on board the steamer at all ports, if they wish, without extra cost, and all boating will be at the expense of the ship.7 All passages must be paid for when taken, so that the most perfect arrangements can be made for starting at the appointed time. Applications for passage must be approved by the committee before tickets are issued, and can be made to the undersigned. Articles of interest or curiosity bought by the passengers during the voyage may be brought home in the steamer free of charge. Five dollars a day, in gold, it is believed, will be a fair amount to plan on for all traveling expenses on shore, and at the various points where passengers may wish to leave the steamer for days at a time. The trip can be extended, and the route changed, by unanimous vote of the passengers.
Chas. C. Duncan,8 117 Wall Street, New York. R. R. G****, Treasurer.9 Committee on Applications: J. T. H, Esq., R. R. G, Esq., C. C. Duncan. Committee on Selecting Steamer: Capt. W. W. S, Surveyor for Board of Underwriters. C. W. C***, Consulting Engineer for U.S. and Canada. J. T. H***, Esq. C. C. Duncan.
P.S. The very beautiful and solid side-wheel steamship Quaker City10 has been chartered for the occasion, and will leave New York on June 8. Letters have been issued by the government asking that the party be shown courtesies abroad.
What was there lacking about that program, to make it perfectly irresistible? Nothing that any finite mind could discover. Paris, England, Scotland, Switzerland, Italy—Garibaldi!11 The Grecian archipelago! Vesuvius! Constantinople! Smyrna!12 The Holy Land! Egypt and “our friends the Bermudians!” People in Europe wanting to join the excursion. Contagious sickness to be avoided. Boating at the expense of the ship. Physician on board. The circuit of the globe to be made if the passengers unanimously desired it. The company to be rigidly selected by a pitiless “Committee on Applications.” The vessel to be as rigidly selected by as pitiless a “Committee on Selecting Steamer.” Human nature could not withstand these bewildering temptations. I hurried to the treasurer's office and deposited my 10 percent. I rejoiced to know that a few vacant staterooms were still left. I did avoid a critical personal examination into my character by that heartless13 committee. But I named as references all the people of high standing I could think of in the community who would be least likely to know anything about me.
Notes
- The lands of the Bible, then part of the Ottoman Empire. back
- A small sea creature seen floating at the surface; sailors gave the name to more than one kind. back
- In the 1860s, “make love” meant to court or flirt. back
- The Mughal emperors of India; here, a joking name for any grand ruler. back
- The heading printed above the programme, which named the excursion. back
- Paper money, which in 1867 was worth less than gold; the spending money below is reckoned in gold. back
- Taking passengers between ship and shore in small boats, in ports where the ship anchored offshore. back
- Charles C. Duncan chartered the ship and managed the excursion; he signed passage receipts as “Charterer and Manager.” back
- The book prints these names with stars, hiding who they were. back
- The ship left its pier on June 8, 1867, waited out rough seas for two days off Brooklyn, and put to sea on June 10. back
- Giuseppe Garibaldi, the Italian general and hero of the unification of Italy. back
- Constantinople (modern Istanbul) and Smyrna (modern İzmir), cities of the Ottoman Empire, now in Turkey. back
- Twain’s word is “bowelless.” The bowels were once thought the seat of pity, so a bowelless committee had none. back
For months the great Pleasure Excursion to Europe and the Holy Land was chatted about in the newspapers every where in America, and discussed at countless firesides. It was a novelty in the way of Excursions — its like had not been thought of before, and it compelled that interest which attractive novelties always command. It was to be a picnic on a gigantic scale. The participants in it, instead of freighting an ungainly steam ferry-boat with youth and beauty and pies and doughnuts, and paddling up some obscure creek to disembark upon a grassy lawn and wear themselves out with a long summer day's laborious frolicking under the impression that it was fun, were to sail away in a great steamship with flags flying and cannon pealing, and take a royal holiday beyond the broad ocean, in many a strange clime and in many a land renowned in history! They were to sail for months over the breezy Atlantic and the sunny Mediterranean; they were to scamper about the decks by day, filling the ship with shouts and laughter — or read novels and poetry in the shade of the smoke-stacks, or watch for the jelly-fish and the nautilus, over the side, and the shark, the whale, and other strange monsters of the deep; and at night they were to dance in the open air, on the upper deck, in the midst of a ball-room that stretched from horizon to horizon, and was domed by the bending heavens and lighted by no meaner lamps than the stars and the magnificent moon — dance, and promenade, and smoke, and sing, and make love, and search the skies for constellations that never associate with the “Big Dipper” they were so tired of; and they were to see the ships of twenty navies — the customs and costumes of twenty curious peoples — the great cities of half a world — they were to hob-nob with nobility and hold friendly converse with kings and princes, Grand Moguls, and the anointed lords of mighty empires!
For months the great Pleasure Excursion to Europe and the Holy Land was chatted about in the newspapers everywhere in America, and discussed at countless firesides. It was a novelty in the way of excursions. Its like had not been thought of before, and it compelled that interest which attractive novelties always command. It was to be a picnic on a gigantic scale. The people in it were not to load an ungainly steam ferryboat with youth and beauty and pies and doughnuts, and paddle up some obscure creek to land on a grassy lawn. They were not to wear themselves out with a long summer day's laborious frolicking, under the impression that it was fun. Instead, they were to sail away in a great steamship with flags flying and cannon pealing, and take a royal holiday beyond the broad ocean, in many a strange climate and in many a land renowned in history! They were to sail for months over the breezy Atlantic and the sunny Mediterranean. They were to scamper about the decks by day, filling the ship with shouts and laughter. Or they would read novels and poetry in the shade of the smokestacks, or watch over the side for the jellyfish and the nautilus, and the shark, the whale, and other strange monsters of the deep. And at night they were to dance in the open air, on the upper deck, in the midst of a ballroom that stretched from horizon to horizon. It was domed by the bending heavens and lighted by no meaner lamps than the stars and the magnificent moon. There they would dance, and promenade, and smoke, and sing, and make love, and search the skies for constellations that never keep company with the Big Dipper they were so tired of. And they were to see the ships of twenty navies, the customs and costumes of twenty curious peoples, the great cities of half a world. They were to hobnob with nobility and hold friendly talk with kings and princes, Grand Moguls, and the anointed lords of mighty empires!
- The lands of the Bible, then part of the Ottoman Empire.
- A small sea creature seen floating at the surface; sailors gave the name to more than one kind.
- In the 1860s, “make love” meant to court or flirt.
- The Mughal emperors of India; here, a joking name for any grand ruler.
It was a brave conception; it was the offspring of a most ingenious brain. It was well advertised, but it hardly needed it: the bold originality, the extraordinary character, the seductive nature, and the vastness of the enterprise provoked comment every where and advertised it in every household in the land. Who could read the programme of the excursion without longing to make one of the party? I will insert it here. It is almost as good as a map. As a text for this book, nothing could be better:
It was a brave idea; it was the child of a most ingenious brain. It was well advertised, but it hardly needed it. The bold originality, the extraordinary character, the seductive nature, and the vastness of the enterprise stirred up comment everywhere and advertised it in every household in the land. Who could read the program of the excursion without longing to make one of the party? I will insert it here. It is almost as good as a map. As a text for this book, nothing could be better:
BROOKLYN, February 1st, 1867. The undersigned will make an excursion as above during the coming season, and begs to submit to you the following programme: A first-class steamer, to be under his own command, and capable of accommodating at least one hundred and fifty cabin passengers, will be selected, in which will be taken a select company, numbering not more than three-fourths of the ship's capacity. There is good reason to believe that this company can be easily made up in this immediate vicinity, of mutual friends and acquaintances. The steamer will be provided with every necessary comfort, including library and musical instruments. An experienced physician will be on board.
Brooklyn, February 1, 1867. The undersigned will make an excursion as above during the coming season, and begs to submit to you the following program: A first-class steamer, to be under his own command, and able to hold at least one hundred and fifty cabin passengers, will be selected. It will take a select company, numbering not more than three-fourths of the ship's capacity. There is good reason to believe that this company can easily be made up in this immediate neighborhood, of mutual friends and acquaintances. The steamer will be provided with every necessary comfort, including a library and musical instruments. An experienced physician will be on board.
- The heading printed above the programme, which named the excursion.
The ship will at all times be a home, where the excursionists, if sick, will be surrounded by kind friends, and have all possible comfort and sympathy. Should contagious sickness exist in any of the ports named in the programme, such ports will be passed, and others of interest substituted. The price of passage is fixed at $1,250, currency, for each adult passenger. Choice of rooms and of seats at the tables apportioned in the order in which passages are engaged, and no passage considered engaged until ten per cent. of the passage money is deposited with the treasurer.
The ship will at all times be a home, where the excursionists, if sick, will be surrounded by kind friends, and have all possible comfort and sympathy. Should contagious sickness exist in any of the ports named in the program, those ports will be passed, and others of interest substituted. The price of passage is fixed at $1,250, currency, for each adult passenger. Choice of rooms and of seats at the tables will be given in the order in which passages are booked. No passage is considered booked until 10 percent of the passage money is deposited with the treasurer.
- Paper money, which in 1867 was worth less than gold; the spending money below is reckoned in gold.
Passengers can remain on board of the steamer, at all ports, if they desire, without additional expense, and all boating at the expense of the ship. All passages must be paid for when taken, in order that the most perfect arrangements be made for starting at the appointed time. Applications for passage must be approved by the committee before tickets are issued, and can be made to the undersigned. Articles of interest or curiosity, procured by the passengers during the voyage, may be brought home in the steamer free of charge. Five dollars per day, in gold, it is believed, will be a fair calculation to make for all traveling expenses on shore, and at the various points where passengers may wish to leave the steamer for days at a time. The trip can be extended, and the route changed, by unanimous vote of the passengers.
Passengers can stay on board the steamer at all ports, if they wish, without extra cost, and all boating will be at the expense of the ship. All passages must be paid for when taken, so that the most perfect arrangements can be made for starting at the appointed time. Applications for passage must be approved by the committee before tickets are issued, and can be made to the undersigned. Articles of interest or curiosity bought by the passengers during the voyage may be brought home in the steamer free of charge. Five dollars a day, in gold, it is believed, will be a fair amount to plan on for all traveling expenses on shore, and at the various points where passengers may wish to leave the steamer for days at a time. The trip can be extended, and the route changed, by unanimous vote of the passengers.
- Taking passengers between ship and shore in small boats, in ports where the ship anchored offshore.
CHAS. C. DUNCAN,
117 WALL STREET, NEW YORK.
R. R. G**** Treasurer.
COMMITTEE ON APPLICATIONS.
J. T. H, ESQ., R. R. G ESQ., C. C. DUNCAN.
COMMITTEE ON SELECTING STEAMER.
CAPT. W. W. S. Surveyor for Board of Underwriters.
C. W. C***, Consulting Engineer for U. S. and Canada.
J. T. H***, ESQ.
C. C. DUNCAN.
Chas. C. Duncan, 117 Wall Street, New York. R. R. G****, Treasurer. Committee on Applications: J. T. H, Esq., R. R. G, Esq., C. C. Duncan. Committee on Selecting Steamer: Capt. W. W. S, Surveyor for Board of Underwriters. C. W. C***, Consulting Engineer for U.S. and Canada. J. T. H***, Esq. C. C. Duncan.
- Charles C. Duncan chartered the ship and managed the excursion; he signed passage receipts as “Charterer and Manager.”
- The book prints these names with stars, hiding who they were.
P. S. — The very beautiful and substantial side wheel steamship “Quaker City” has been chartered for the occasion, and will leave New York, June 8th. Letters have been issued by the government commending the party to courtesies abroad.
P.S. The very beautiful and solid side-wheel steamship Quaker City has been chartered for the occasion, and will leave New York on June 8. Letters have been issued by the government asking that the party be shown courtesies abroad.
- The ship left its pier on June 8, 1867, waited out rough seas for two days off Brooklyn, and put to sea on June 10.
What was there lacking about that programme, to make it perfectly irresistible? Nothing, that any finite mind could discover. Paris, England, Scotland, Switzerland, Italy — Garibaldi! The Grecian archipelago! Vesuvius! Constantinople! Smyrna! The Holy Land! Egypt and “our friends the Bermudians!” People in Europe desiring to join the Excursion — contagious sickness to be avoided — boating at the expense of the ship — physician on board — the circuit of the globe to be made if the passengers unanimously desired it — the company to be rigidly selected by a pitiless “Committee on Applications” — the vessel to be as rigidly selected by as pitiless a “Committee on Selecting Steamer.” Human nature could not withstand these bewildering temptations. I hurried to the Treasurer's office and deposited my ten per cent. I rejoiced to know that a few vacant state-rooms were still left. I did avoid a critical personal examination into my character, by that bowelless committee, but I referred to all the people of high standing I could think of in the community who would be least likely to know any thing about me.
What was there lacking about that program, to make it perfectly irresistible? Nothing that any finite mind could discover. Paris, England, Scotland, Switzerland, Italy—Garibaldi! The Grecian archipelago! Vesuvius! Constantinople! Smyrna! The Holy Land! Egypt and “our friends the Bermudians!” People in Europe wanting to join the excursion. Contagious sickness to be avoided. Boating at the expense of the ship. Physician on board. The circuit of the globe to be made if the passengers unanimously desired it. The company to be rigidly selected by a pitiless “Committee on Applications.” The vessel to be as rigidly selected by as pitiless a “Committee on Selecting Steamer.” Human nature could not withstand these bewildering temptations. I hurried to the treasurer's office and deposited my 10 percent. I rejoiced to know that a few vacant staterooms were still left. I did avoid a critical personal examination into my character by that heartless committee. But I named as references all the people of high standing I could think of in the community who would be least likely to know anything about me.
- Giuseppe Garibaldi, the Italian general and hero of the unification of Italy.
- Constantinople (modern Istanbul) and Smyrna (modern İzmir), cities of the Ottoman Empire, now in Turkey.
- Twain’s word is “bowelless.” The bowels were once thought the seat of pity, so a bowelless committee had none.
Who and what this source names, in the original. Each name links to every source in the library that mentions it. Not yet checked.
Ideas
- Contagion The idea that disease passed from person to person by touch, breath, or objects, long before anyone knew about germs. Sections 4, 8.
- Doctors and healers Doctors, surgeons and other healers: what the writers say they could and could not do. Sections 3, 8.
- Travel Journeys by road, river and sea, and what they cost in time, money and comfort, from Horace's barge to the first pleasure cruises by steamship. Sections 1.
People
- Charles C. Duncan The man who chartered the steamer Quaker City and managed the excursion of 1867. Sections 6.
- Giuseppe Garibaldi The Italian general and hero of the unification of Italy. Sections 8.
Places
- Atlantic Ocean The ocean between Europe and Africa and the Americas. Charles Lindbergh made the first solo nonstop flight across it in 1927. Sections 1.
- Bermuda A British island colony in the western Atlantic, a port on the Quaker City program. Sections 8.
- Brooklyn Then a separate city across the East River from New York, where the program of the Quaker City excursion was dated in 1867. Sections 3.
- Constantinople (Byzantium) Capital of the Roman Empire in the east, founded by Constantine on the site of Greek Byzantium. Sections 8.
- Egypt The land of the lower Nile. Thucydides heard that the Athenian plague came by way of Egypt, and Procopius says the plague of his day began among the Egyptians of Pelusium. Sections 8.
- England The kingdom ruled by Edward III when the Black Death struck in 1348–1349, and later the home of the colonists who sailed to Roanoke and Plymouth. Sections 8.
- Europe The continent from which explorers, colonists and, later, pleasure travelers set out, and to which American tourists sailed in 1867. Sections 1.
- Italy The peninsula south of the Alps, divided in the 1300s among city-republics, lordships, the Papal States and the kingdom of Naples. The Black Death swept it in 1348. Sections 8.
- Mediterranean Sea The sea between Europe, Africa and western Asia, the goal of the first steamship pleasure tours. Sections 1.
- New York City The largest city in the United States, the center of its publishing trade, and the port from which the steamer Quaker City sailed for Europe and the Holy Land in 1867. Sections 6, 7.
- Paris The capital of France and its largest city, home of Brillat-Savarin's restaurants, Zola's great department store and Jean de Venette's chronicle of the plague of 1348. Sections 8.
- Scotland The northern part of Great Britain, on the program of the Quaker City excursion. Sections 8.
- Smyrna A port on the Aegean coast of Asia Minor, present-day İzmir. It was a large Greek city in Roman times, near which Aelius Aristides had a country house, and in the 1800s a busy Ottoman trading port where steamers from Europe called. Sections 8.
- Switzerland The Alpine country where Brillat-Savarin took refuge from the Terror, and a stop on the Quaker City program. Sections 8.
- The Greek archipelago The islands of the Aegean Sea between Greece and Asia Minor. Sections 8.
- The Holy Land The lands of the Bible, then part of the Ottoman Empire, the chief goal of the Quaker City excursion. Sections 1, 8.
- United States The republic that entered the First World War in April 1917. Its government recruited soldiers and sold war bonds with posters such as Flagg's Uncle Sam. Sections 1.
- Vesuvius The volcano above the Bay of Naples, a sight on the Quaker City program. Sections 8.
Dates
Page images of the original object or of the printed edition, from the libraries and archives that hold them. The pages shown are copied here where the holder marks them public domain; titles link to the holder's own viewer. Click a page to see it full size.
The Innocents Abroad, Hartford 1869
Internet Archive (University of California Libraries). pp. 19–24. Not in copyright (published 1869), as the Internet Archive record states.
The first edition our text follows, with its illustrations.
Difficulty: Moderate, the first paragraph is one long, excited list, but the program itself is plain.
Fits these units
- Selling comfort. How did inns, hotels, restaurants, cruises and stores sell comfort and pleasure?
- Being a guest. How were travelers and guests treated, and what did hosts owe them?
Key terms
- excursion
- a trip made for pleasure, often by a group, returning to where it started
- Holy Land
- the lands of the Bible, then part of the Ottoman Empire
- currency
- here, US paper money, which in 1867 was worth less than gold
- boating
- taking passengers between ship and shore in small boats, in ports where the ship anchored offshore
- stateroom
- a private cabin on a ship
- chartered
- hired, as a whole ship is hired for one voyage
- make love
- in the 1860s, to court or flirt
Questions
- Comprehension
What did the program offer passengers for their fare, and what had to happen before a ticket was issued?
- Analysis
At the end of the passage, Twain repeats the program's promises back in a breathless list. Why might he do this, writing after the voyage was over? Look closely at the words he chooses.
- Analysis (reliability)
Charles C. Duncan wrote the program before anyone sailed, Twain wrote the chapter afterward, and we have the program only as Twain printed it. How should each of these facts affect the way we use this page as evidence?
- Connection
In Opening day of the great sale, Émile Zola's store flies flags, sends out delivery wagons with its name painted on the sides, and fills its entrance hall with carpets. Compare how the store and the excursion draw attention. What does each use to make people want to come, and whom is each trying to attract?
Activity
Students sort every promise in the program into four groups, comfort, safety, money, and company, on a large chart. They then compare the chart with Twain's list in the last paragraph and mark which promises he repeats, which he leaves out, and which he makes sound bigger. The program's route paragraphs, cut here, named most of the places on the way (though not England or Scotland) and said that people in Europe had asked to join. Each student writes two sentences on what the comparison shows about how Twain wanted readers to see the trip.
A printable worksheet for this source · More on Hearth Learning
Twain wrote in English; this is the text of the first edition of The Innocents Abroad (Hartford: American Publishing Company, 1869), chapter 1, pages 19–24. About 1,070 words: the opening of the chapter and the printed programme, except the programme’s route paragraphs (pages 20–22, the ports from the Azores to Bermuda), which are left out and marked [...].
Spelling and punctuation are modernized (“programme” is written “program” in our text, “every where” and “any thing” as one word) and long sentences are split; Twain’s words and word order are kept. A few words are given modern equivalents: “clime” (climate), “converse” (talk), “conception” (idea), “offspring” (child), “provoked” (stirred up), “associate with” (keep company with), “apportioned” (given), “engaged” (booked), “procured” (bought), “substantial” (solid), and “bowelless” (heartless). “Commending the party to courtesies abroad” becomes “asking that the party be shown courtesies abroad,” and “I referred to” becomes “I named as references.” The dashed list of temptations is set as short sentences. The names hidden with stars are kept as printed.
- Original
- Text as printed in the named edition or on the object, read from page images. Edition: Mark Twain (Samuel L. Clemens), The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress (Hartford: American Publishing Company, 1869), chapter 1, pp. 19–24. Digital text: Internet Archive item innocentsabroad00twairich (University of California Libraries copy), OCR text, extracted by code. Not yet read against the page images. Twain’s text and the programme as he printed it; no illustrations or captions.
- Editor’s review
- Not yet.
- Specialist review
- Not yet. Readings a specialist should confirm are listed for later review.
- Rights
- Original: public domain. Edition: public domain. Our translations and notes: CC BY-SA 4.0; credit “Hearth Library, hearthinteractive.com” with a link.
Sources for the notes
- Twain, Mark. The Innocents Abroad, or The New Pilgrims’ Progress. Hartford: American Publishing Company, 1869. Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/innocentsabroad00twairich. Chapter 1, pp. 19–24 (OCR text).
- Mark Twain Project Online. “Editorial narrative following 8 June 1867 to John McComb.” Mark Twain Project, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley. https://marktwainproject.org/letters/supplementary/mtln00303/
- Shapell Manuscript Foundation. “Rare Receipt for Passage on the 1867 ‘Quaker City’ Excursion to the Holy Land.” https://shapell.org/manuscript/1876-quaker-city-passenger-receipt/