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Damascus

The great city of southern Syria. In 1348 its people fasted and prayed in the Great Mosque against the plague, and Muslims, Jews and Christians went out together to pray, as Ibn Battuta recorded.

Today: Damascus, Syria

The Plague Goes Town by Town

Ibn al-Wardi, The Report of the Pestilence, from his chronicle (Aleppo, 1348) · 1348 (the essay); the chronicle entries 1346–1349

3

ثم تيمم الصعيد الطيب وأبرق على برقة منه صيب، ثم غزى غزة وهز عسقلان هزة، وعك إلى عكا، واستشهد بالقدس، وزكى فلحق من الهاربين الأقصى بقلب كالصخرة، ولولا فتح باب الرحمة لقامت القيامة في مرة، ثم طوى المراحل ونوى أن يلحق الساحل، فصاد صيدا، وبغت بيروت كيدا، ثم سدد الرشق إلى جهة دمشق، فتربع ثم وتميد وفتك كل يوم بألف وأزيد فأقل الكثرة وقتل خلقا ببثرة.

Then it went down to Upper Egypt, as a believer turns to clean earth for washing. A cloudburst of it flashed lightning over Barqa. Then it raided Gaza and gave Ashkelon a shaking. It pressed hard on Acre. In Jerusalem it took martyrs. It overtook even those who had fled the farthest, with a heart as hard as the Rock. Had the Gate of Mercy not been opened, the Resurrection would have come at once. Then it covered the stages of the road, meaning to reach the coast. It hunted down Sidon and caught Beirut off guard by a trick. Then it aimed its volley at Damascus. There it settled in and swayed [?], killing a thousand and more every day. It made the many few, and it killed a multitude with a single pustule.

4

ومنها:
(أصلح الله دمشقا ... وحماها عن مسبه)
(نفسها خست إلى أن ... تقتل النفس بحبه)

Another passage: May God set Damascus right and guard it from abuse. Its spirit has sunk so low it kills a person with a single grain.

Muslims, Jews, and Christians Pray Together

Ibn Battuta, the Rihla (Travels), dictated in Fez about 1355 · 1348–1349 (dictated about 1355)

1.1

شاهدت أيام الطاعون الأعظم بدمشق في أواخر شهر ربيع الثاني سنة تسع وأربعين، من تعظيم أهل دمشق لهذا المسجد ما يعجب منه وهو أن ملك الأمراء نايب السلطان أرغون شاه أمر مناديا ينادي بدمشق أن يصوم الناس ثلاثة أيام ولا يطبخ أحد بالسوق ما يؤكل نهارا، وأكثر الناس بها إنما يأكلون الطعام الذي يصنع بالسوق، فصام الناس ثلاثة أيام متوالية كان آخرها يوم الخميس،

In the days of the Great Plague at Damascus, at the end of the month of Rabi II in the year [7]49, I saw something remarkable: how much the people of Damascus revere this mosque. The king of the emirs, the sultan’s deputy, Arghun Shah, ordered a crier to proclaim through Damascus that the people should fast for three days, and that no one should cook food in the market during the day. (Most people there eat only food prepared in the market.) So the people fasted three days in a row, the last of them a Thursday.

4.1

وفي أوائل شهر ربيع الأول عام تسعة وأربعين بلغنا الخبر في حلب أن الوباء وقع بغزة وأنه انتهى عدد الموتى فيها إلى زائد على الآلف في يوم واحد! فسافرت إلى حمص فوجدت الوباء قد وقع بها، ومات يوم دخولي اليها نحو ثلاثمائة إنسان، ثم سافرت إلى دمشق ووصلتها يوم الخميس، وكان أهلها قد صاموا ثلاثة أيام وخرجوا يوم الجمعة إلى مسجد الأقدام حسبما ذكرناه في السفر الأول فخفف الله الوباء عنهم فانتهى عدد الموتى عندهم إلى ألفين وأربع مائة في اليوم! ثم سافرت إلى عجلون، ثم إلى بيت المقدس ووجدت الوباء قد ارتفع عنه ولقيت خطيبه عز الدين بن جماعة بن عم عز الدين قاضي القضاة بمصر وهو من الفضلاء الكرماء ومرتبه على الخطابة ألف درهم في الشهر.

At the beginning of the month of Rabi I in the year [7]49, news reached us in Aleppo that the pestilence had broken out in Gaza, and that more than a thousand people there had died in a single day. I traveled to Homs and found that the pestilence had struck there too. About three hundred people died on the day I arrived. Then I traveled on to Damascus and arrived on a Thursday. Its people had fasted for three days, and on the Friday they went out to the Mosque of the Footprints, as I told in the first part of this book. God lightened the pestilence for them, and the dead came to two thousand four hundred a day. Then I traveled to Ajlun, and from there to Jerusalem. I found that the pestilence had lifted there. I met its preacher, Izz al-Din ibn Jamaa, a cousin of Izz al-Din, the chief judge in Egypt. He is a learned and generous man, and he is paid a thousand dirhams a month for preaching.