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Words · Ancient Greek

Ancient Greek: L

Λακεδαιμόνιος

name

Spartan, Lacedaemonian Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 4 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.54.4μνήμη δὲ ἐγένετο καὶ τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων χρηστηρίου τοῖς εἰδόσιν, ὅτε ἐπερωτῶσιν αὐτοῖς …Spartans'
  • 2.59.2… ταῖς ξυμφοραῖς περιπεπτωκότες, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ὥρμηντο ξυγχωρεῖν· καὶ πρέσβεις τινὰς πέμψαντες …Spartans
  • 2.64.6… αἰσχρὸν τῷ ἤδη προθύμῳ ἀμφότερα κτήσασθε, καὶ Λακεδαιμονίοις μήτε ἐπικηρυκεύεσθε μήτε ἔνδηλοι ἔστε τοῖς …to the Spartans
  • 2.65.2… μὲν τοῖς λόγοις ἀνεπείθοντο καὶ οὔτε πρὸς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ἔτι ἔπεμπον ἔς τε τὸν πόλεμον μᾶλλον ὥρμηντο, …Spartans

λαμβάνω

verb

take, seize; receive, get Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 9 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.49.2… καὶ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ἐρυθήματα καὶ φλόγωσις ἐλάμβανε, καὶ τὰ ἐντός, ἥ τε φάρυγξ καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα, εὐθὺς …seized
  • 2.49.8… εἰσὶ δ’ οἳ καὶ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν. τοὺς δὲ καὶ λήθη ἐλάμβανε παραυτίκα ἀναστάντας τῶν πάντων ὁμοίως, καὶ …seized
  • 2.63.2… ὡς τυραννίδα γὰρ ἤδη ἔχετε αὐτήν, ἣν λαβεῖν μὲν ἄδικον δοκεῖ εἶναι, ἀφεῖναι δὲ ἐπικίνδυνον.to take
  • 2.64.5… ἄρχειν· ὅστις δὲ ἐπὶ μεγίστοις τὸ ἐπίφθονον λαμβάνει, ὀρθῶς βουλεύεται. μῖσος μὲν γὰρ οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ …incurs

A young wife learns to run the house Xenophon, Oeconomicus (Household Management), chapters 7–9 (about 360 BCE), in the edition of E. C. Marchant (Oxford, 1900) · about 360 BCE; the exact year is not known

  • 8.2… δὲ αὕτη ἡ ἔνδεια, τὸ ζητοῦντά τι μὴ δύνασθαι λαβεῖν, ἢ τὴν ἀρχὴν μηδὲ ζητεῖν εἰδότα ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν. …to get, to take
  • 8.2… ὅπως εἰδῇς ὅπου τε δεῖ τιθέναι καὶ ὁπόθεν λαμβάνειν.to take

λαμπάς

lampás

torch, lamp Drafted; not yet checked.

On the way to English lamp

  1. Ancient Greek · 458 BCEλαμπάς lampás · a torch; a lamp
  2. Latin · 50s BCElampas · a torch; a lamp
  3. Middle English · about 1390lampe (plural lampes) · a lamp
  4. English todaylamp

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λαμπρότης

noun

brilliance, splendor Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.64.5… γὰρ οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀντέχει, ἡ δὲ παραυτίκα τε λαμπρότης καὶ ἐς τὸ ἔπειτα δόξα αἰείμνηστος καταλείπεται.brilliance

λανθάνω

verb

escape notice, be unseen Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.23.3… οὓς δὴ καὶ ἐς ἀλλοτρίας θήκας ἐρρίπτουν ἢ λανθάνοντες ἢ βιαζόμενοι· ἔπειτα δὲ πάντα ἐν ἅπασι …unnoticed

Λατῖνος

name

Latin; a Latin Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.23.6… ὅσα ἂν αὐτῷ βουλομένῳ εἴη. ῥεφερενδάριον τῇ Λατίνων φωνῇ τὴν τιμὴν ταύτην καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι.of the Latins

λέγω

verb

say, speak; tell; mean Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 25 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.47.3… ἡ νόσος πρῶτον ἤρξατο γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις, λεγόμενον μὲν καὶ πρότερον πολλαχόσε ἐγκατασκῆψαι καὶ …it being said
  • 2.48.1ἤρξατο δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον, ὡς λέγεται, ἐξ Αἰθιοπίας τῆς ὑπὲρ Αἰγύπτου, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ …is said
  • 2.48.2… ἐν τῷ Πειραιεῖ ἥψατο τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ὥστε καὶ ἐλέχθη ὑπ’ αὐτῶν ὡς οἱ Πελοποννήσιοι φάρμακα …it was said
  • 2.48.3λεγέτω μὲν οὖν περὶ αὐτοῦ ὡς ἕκαστος γιγνώσκει καὶ …let him speak
  • 2.48.3… τὸ μεταστῆσαι σχεῖν· ἐγὼ δὲ οἷόν τε ἐγίγνετο λέξω, καὶ ἀφ’ ὧν ἄν τις σκοπῶν, εἴ ποτε καὶ αὖθις …I will tell
  • 2.54.3… ἐνίκησε δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος εἰκότως λοιμὸν εἰρῆσθαι· οἱ γὰρ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς ἃ ἔπασχον τὴν μνήμην …to have been said

λείπω

verb

leave; fail Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.8οὔτε γὰρ νῆσόν τινα ἢ σπήλαιον ἢ ἀκρώρειαν ἐλίπετο ἀνθρώπους οἰκήτορας ἔχουσαν· ἢν δέ πού τινα καὶ …left

λείχω

leichō

lick Drafted; not yet checked.

Relatives of English lick

Latin g and Greek ch are the regular outcomes of the old sound (lingere, leichō). English and German show a doubled k instead (Old English liccian, German lecken).

Drafted; not yet checked. Play Family Reunion

λεπτός

adjective

thin, fine, delicate Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.49.5… τὰ δὲ ἐντὸς οὕτως ἐκάετο ὥστε μήτε τῶν πάνυ λεπτῶν ἱματίων καὶ σινδόνων τὰς ἐπιβολὰς μηδ’ ἄλλο τι …thin

λευκός

leukos

white; bright Drafted; not yet checked.

Relatives of English light

The old k sound turned into the rough gh heard in German Licht and once in English light. Latin lūx and Greek leukos ('bright, white') kept the k.

Drafted; not yet checked. Play Family Reunion

λεχώ

noun

woman in childbirth Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.36τρεῖς μέντοι λεχοῦς λέγουσι τῶν παίδων σφίσιν ἀπολομένων …women in childbirth

λήθη

noun

forgetfulness, oblivion Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.49.8… εἰσὶ δ’ οἳ καὶ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν. τοὺς δὲ καὶ λήθη ἐλάμβανε παραυτίκα ἀναστάντας τῶν πάντων …forgetfulness

Λῆμνος

name

Lemnos, an island in the Aegean Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.47.3… καὶ πρότερον πολλαχόσε ἐγκατασκῆψαι καὶ περὶ Λῆμνον καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις χωρίοις, οὐ μέντοι τοσοῦτός γε …Lemnos

λίαν

adverb

very, exceedingly Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.23.4… ἔμειναν δεσποτῶν ἔρημοι, ἄνδρες τε τὰ πρότερα λίαν εὐδαίμονες τῆς τῶν οἰκετῶν ὑπουργίας ἢ …very

Λιβύη

name

Libya, Africa Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.48.1… ὑπὲρ Αἰγύπτου, ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἴγυπτον καὶ Λιβύην κατέβη καὶ ἐς τὴν βασιλέως γῆν τὴν πολλήν.Libya

λιμός

noun

hunger, famine Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 4 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.54.3… ὠνομάσθαι ἐν τῷ ἔπει ὑπὸ τῶν παλαιῶν, ἀλλὰ λιμόν, ἐνίκησε δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος εἰκότως λοιμὸν …famine
  • 2.54.3… Δωρικὸς τοῦδε ὕστερος καὶ ξυμβῇ γενέσθαι λιμόν, κατὰ τὸ εἰκὸς οὕτως ᾄσονται.famine

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.26… τε ἀπορίᾳ τοῦ θεραπεύοντος διεφθάρησαν, ἢ λιμῷ πιεζόμενοι,by hunger
  • 2.23.19ἐν πόλει γοῦν ἀγαθοῖς ἅπασιν ἀτεχνῶς εὐθηνούσῃ λιμός τις ἀκριβὴς ἐπεκώμαζεν. ἄρτον ἀμέλει ἢ ἄλλο …famine

λογίζομαι

verb

reckon, calculate; consider Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 2 uses

A young wife learns to run the house Xenophon, Oeconomicus (Household Management), chapters 7–9 (about 360 BCE), in the edition of E. C. Marchant (Oxford, 1900) · about 360 BCE; the exact year is not known

  • 7.13… εἰς τὸ κοινὸν κατέθηκας. καὶ οὐ τοῦτο δεῖ λογίζεσθαι, πότερος ἄρα ἀριθμῷ πλείω συμβέβληται ἡμῶν, …to reckon

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.2… τῷ κακῷ πρόφασίν τινα ἢ λόγῳ εἰπεῖν ἢ διανοίᾳ λογίσασθαι μηχανή τις οὐδεμία ἐστί, πλήν γε δὴ ὅσα ἐς τὸν …to reckon out

λογισμός

noun

calculation; reasoning Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.33… τις ἦν οὐδεμία ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ νόσῳ ἐς ἀνθρώπου λογισμὸν φέρουσα· πᾶσι γάρ τις ἀλόγιστος ἀπόβασις ἐπὶ …reasoning

λόγος

noun

word, speech; account, reckoning; reason Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 14 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.50.1γενόμενον γὰρ κρεῖσσον λόγου τὸ εἶδος τῆς νόσου τά τε ἄλλα χαλεπωτέρως ἢ …description
  • 2.61.2… μεταμέλειν δὲ κακουμένοις, καὶ τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον ἐν τῷ ὑμετέρῳ ἀσθενεῖ τῆς γνώμης μὴ ὀρθὸν …argument
  • 2.64.1… ἔτι μισοῦμαι, οὐ δικαίως, εἰ μὴ καὶ ὅταν παρὰ λόγον τι εὖ πράξητε ἐμοὶ ἀναθήσετε.reckoning
  • 2.65.2οἱ δὲ δημοσίᾳ μὲν τοῖς λόγοις ἀνεπείθοντο καὶ οὔτε πρὸς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους …words
  • 2.65.9… ἀντικαθίστη πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸ θαρσεῖν. ἐγίγνετό τε λόγῳ μὲν δημοκρατία, ἔργῳ δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ πρώτου ἀνδρὸς …in word

The Plague at My Country House, and a Life for a Life Aelius Aristides, Sacred Tales II and V · early 170s CE (plague events of the mid-160s, probably 165 or 166)

  • B1φέρε δὴ τὸν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἀποδῶμεν λόγον, καὶ συνάψωμεν ὡς ἔσχε τὰ τῆς χρησμῳδίας τῆς …account

λοιμός

noun

plague, pestilence Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 8 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.47.3… καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις χωρίοις, οὐ μέντοι τοσοῦτός γε λοιμὸς οὐδὲ φθορὰ οὕτως ἀνθρώπων οὐδαμοῦ ἐμνημονεύετο …plague
  • 2.54.2… πάλαι ᾄδεσθαι ‘ἥξει Δωριακὸς πόλεμος καὶ λοιμὸς ἅμ’ αὐτῷ.’plague
  • 2.54.3ἐγένετο μὲν οὖν ἔρις τοῖς ἀνθρώποις μὴ λοιμὸν ὠνομάσθαι ἐν τῷ ἔπει ὑπὸ τῶν παλαιῶν, ἀλλὰ …plague
  • 2.54.3… λιμόν, ἐνίκησε δὲ ἐπὶ τοῦ παρόντος εἰκότως λοιμὸν εἰρῆσθαι· οἱ γὰρ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς ἃ ἔπασχον τὴν …plague

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.1Ὑπὸ δὲ τοὺς χρόνους τούτους λοιμὸς γέγονεν, ἐξ οὗ δὴ ἅπαντα ὀλίγου ἐδέησε τὰ …plague
  • 2.22.13τισὶ δὲ οὐχ οὕτως ὁ λοιμὸς ἐπεγίνετο, ἀλλ’ ὄψιν ὀνείρου ἰδόντες ταὐτὸ …plague
  • 2.22.23… ἧσσον ἢ τοὺς πονουμένους ᾠκτίζοντο, οὐχ ὅτι τῷ λοιμῷ ἐπιέζοντο ἐκ τοῦ προσιέναι (οὔτε γὰρ ἰατρῷ οὔτε …by the plague
  • 2.23.21τὰ μὲν οὖν ἀμφὶ τῷ λοιμῷ ἔν τε τῇ ἄλλῃ Ῥωμαίων γῇ καὶ ἐν Βυζαντίῳ ταύτῃ …plague

λοιμώδης

adjective

pestilential, plague-like Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at My Country House, and a Life for a Life Aelius Aristides, Sacred Tales II and V · early 170s CE (plague events of the mid-160s, probably 165 or 166)

  • B5… προαστείῳ κατὰ θέρους ἀκμὴν, νόσος δὲ κατέσχε λοιμώδης πάντας σχεδὸν τοὺς προσχώρους.plague-like

λουτρόν

noun

bath; bathing Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.33… ἀπόβασις ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἐφέρετο, καὶ τὰ λουτρὰ τοὺς μὲν ὤνησε, τοὺς δὲ οὐδέν τι ἧσσον …baths

λύγξ

noun

hiccup, retching; lynx Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.49.4λύγξ τε τοῖς πλέοσιν ἐνέπιπτε κενή, σπασμὸν …retching

λυπέω

verb

grieve, distress; be grieved Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 4 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.61.2… τῆς γνώμης μὴ ὀρθὸν φαίνεσθαι, διότι τὸ μὲν λυποῦν ἔχει ἤδη τὴν αἴσθησιν ἑκάστῳ, τῆς δὲ ὠφελίας …what pains
  • 2.64.6… ὡς οἵτινες πρὸς τὰς ξυμφορὰς γνώμῃ μὲν ἥκιστα λυποῦνται, ἔργῳ δὲ μάλιστα ἀντέχουσιν, οὗτοι καὶ πόλεων …are grieved
  • 2.65.2… πόλεμον μᾶλλον ὥρμηντο, ἰδίᾳ δὲ τοῖς παθήμασιν ἐλυποῦντο, ὁ μὲν δῆμος ὅτι ἀπ’ ἐλασσόνων ὁρμώμενος …were grieved

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.23.11… πνεῦμα δυσῶδες ἐς τὴν πόλιν ἰὸν ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐλύπει τοὺς ταύτῃ ἀνθρώπους, ἄλλως τε ἢν καὶ ἄνεμός …distressed

λυπηρός

adjective

painful, distressing Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.64.5τὸ δὲ μισεῖσθαι καὶ λυπηροὺς εἶναι ἐν τῷ παρόντι πᾶσι μὲν ὑπῆρξε δὴ ὅσοι …offensive

λύσις

noun

release; resolution, turning point Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at My Country House, and a Life for a Life Aelius Aristides, Sacred Tales II and V · early 170s CE (plague events of the mid-160s, probably 165 or 166)

  • B14… τῆς κλίνης, ἔδοξα δὲ ὡς ὄναρ· αὐτὸ δὲ ἦν ἄρα ἡ λύσις· ‖J300‖ ἔδοξα δὲ καὶ δὴ ἐπὶ τέλει τοῦ δράματος …turning point

λυτήρ

noun

deliverer, releaser Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 2 uses

The Plague at My Country House, and a Life for a Life Aelius Aristides, Sacred Tales II and V · early 170s CE (plague events of the mid-160s, probably 165 or 166)

  • C9… τόν τε δὴ θεὸν, οἶμαι, καλούμενον καὶ λυτῆρα, καί τινος τῶν μάντεων ἐπελθόντος πυνθάνεσθαι …Releaser
  • C9… μάντεων ἐπελθόντος πυνθάνεσθαι τί βούλοιτο ὁ λυτὴρ, πότερον καθάπαξ λύοι τι ἢ μικρότερον ἀντὶ …Releaser

λύω

verb

loosen, release, untie Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library

The Plague at My Country House, and a Life for a Life Aelius Aristides, Sacred Tales II and V · early 170s CE (plague events of the mid-160s, probably 165 or 166)

  • C9… τί βούλοιτο ὁ λυτὴρ, πότερον καθάπαξ λύοι τι ἢ μικρότερον ἀντὶ μείζονος ποιοίη καὶ …was releasing

λωφάω

verb

abate, cease; rest Drafted; not yet checked.

In the library · 2 uses

The Plague at Athens, and Pericles Answers the Athenians Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Book 2 (sections 47–65) · after 430 BCE (events of 430–429 BCE)

  • 2.49.4… σπασμὸν ἐνδιδοῦσα ἰσχυρόν, τοῖς μὲν μετὰ ταῦτα λωφήσαντα, τοῖς δὲ καὶ πολλῷ ὕστερον.abating

The Plague at Constantinople Procopius, History of the Wars, Book 2 (chapters 22–23) · c. 550 (events of 542; Books 1–7 made public in 551 at the earliest)

  • 2.22.37… ἐπεὶ δῆλον ὅτι αὐτοῖς ἡ ἀκμὴ ἐς τοῦτο ἐλελωφήκει τοῦ ἄνθρακος, γνώρισμά τε τῆς ὑγείας τοῦτο ἐκ …had abated